Against Federal Advice Pensacola Beach Opens; Over 400 people sick
Posted by Alexander Higgins - June 28, 2010 at 3:20 am - Permalink - Source via Alexander Higgins Blog
I recently wrote that a former BP cleanup worker turned whistle blower has reported that BP cleanup, including those operations at Pensacola Beach, is mere cosmetic work that is leaving the beaches layered in oil.
An image from that post taken on June 23rd shows the massive amount of oil that has washed up on Pensacola Beach.
Even with the huge mass of oil that came ashore on June 23rd, the Pensacola News Journal Reports that local officials have ignored EPA advise and have open the beach for swimming even as the beach is littered with tarballs, an massive slick is visible in the water and skimmers are busy collecting oil just 25 to 50 feet offshore.
The Escambia County Health Department lifted a health advisory on Pensacola Beach on Friday on the advice of a beach official and against the advice of a federal environmental official.
But the advisory was not lifted for Gulf Islands National Seashore’s Fort Pickens beach, immediately west of Pensacola Beach or Johnson Beach on Perdido Key.And hours after the Pensacola Beach advisory was lifted, the health department asked for state approval to issue an oil-impact advisory that leaves the decision to swim in the Gulf of Mexico up to the discretion of individual beachgoers.
…
These moves send conflicting signals about how safe it is to swim in the Gulf of Mexico as the impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill broadens.Dr. John Lanza, director of Escambia County Health Department, said the reason for leaving the decision up to beachgoers on whether to swim is because the oil situation on the beach is “very dynamic.”
“We have a situation that changes from one hour to the next, from one tide to the next, from wave to wave, from one wind direction to another,” he said.
Lanza said this ever-changing environment is something “we’re going to face for weeks or months in the future.”
…
So far, 400 people have sought medical care for upper or lower respiratory problems, headaches, nausea, and eye irritation after trips to Escambia County beaches, Lanza said.
By 10 a.m. on Friday, the double red flags prohibiting beachgoers from the water were replaced with yellow flags.“We’re flying the yellow flags. And that means you need to be careful where you step,” Lee said. “Just be careful and have a good time.”
But oil chips, tar balls and submerged oil slicks and the odor of petroleum still were present.
And people complained about getting a petroleum jelly-like substance on them from sand that was tainted brown.Swimmers who did venture into the water questioned whether it was really safe to wade, swim and play in the Gulf, especially when they had to walk through a line of tar balls and stay clear of skimmers scooping up oil just 25 and 50 feet from the shore.
“I only went into the water up to my ankles. That’s as far as I wanted to go,” said Joe Chambers, 28, of West Pensacola as he scrubbed off oily residue from himself and his son, Ethan, 4, in the public showers at Casino Beach. “It doesn’t smell like the beach. It smells like a gas station. There are no fish in the water. There’s nothing alive in the water. I don’t know how public officials can just look at the water and make a call to reopen it for swimming.”
Carol Doster of Grand Isle, Miss., said her son Dallas, 12, was frightened by the oil that streaked his legs and arms after a five-minute swim in the Gulf on Friday. “It won’t rub off,” Doster said.
She said the two were not going to get in the water again.
Lanza said the health department did not test the water or sand samples before lifting the health advisory.
He did send out health department employees to look at the water before they covered up the health advisory signs.
Dick Snyder, director of the Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation at the University of West Florida, began conducting water samples May 3 on Pensacola Beach every Tuesday and Thursday because beach and health officials were only doing visual assessments.
What you can’t see in the water may be more dangerous than what you can see, he said.
…
Lanza also lifted the advisory against the advice of Charlie Fitzsimmons, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency deputy branch chief for Florida.Fitzsimmons had a team conducting water testing on the beach Thursday and Friday. He expects results from those tests — the first ones since oil landed on Pensacola Beach — early next week.
“My recommendation to the Santa Rosa Island Authority was to keep the beach closed until we can get a better handle on the actual material out here and to get more of it up,” Fitzsimmons said.
On Friday, Lee dismissed any notion that the water is unsafe, and said with the daily and hourly changes in water conditions on the beach, he can’t wait three days for results of water testing to decide to close or open the beach to swimming.
“That’s why we thought we had to start looking for dissolved oil,” he said.
It can’t been seen and it poses health risks. So far it’s not been found in the surf zone on the beach. But water samples taken Thursday in the surf zone, where most people swim, at Casino Beach, did reveal small amounts of alkanes, hydrocarbon molecules found in oil, he said.
Small amounts are not harmful. But the heavier, complex molecules in the tar balls, “are toxic,” Snyder said.
Perhaps even more sad is the main stream media coverage of this story which doesn’t even mention that the water is still full of oil and there are skimmers working as little as 25 feet offshore.
Here’s an example from MSNBC.com
While most national news outlets are reporting that Florida’s Pensacola Beach is closed, that isn’t the case — the Gulf has reopened for swimming along Pensacola Beach after the Escambia County Health Department lifted its health advisory today, the Pensacola News-Journal reports.
The double red flags, which signal no swimming in the Gulf, came down at 10 a.m. ET and were replaced with yellow flags, which are cautioning folks to swim with caution of rough waves, not because of anything to do with oil.
To be sure, the oil is still there. It’s just not visible on the beach. “Despite intensive efforts by more than 1,100 workers and heavy equipment to clean thick tar from Pensacola Beach,” the News-Journal says, researchers from the University of South Florida discovered that oil is buried about 1 inch to 8 inches deep in the sand.
“It was so horrible yesterday, very thick,” Larry Mitchell, who grew up in Pensacola, told NBC station WALB of nearby Albany, Ga. “It makes you want to cry.”
Unlike the MSM, Local residents weighing in the decision are outraged by the decision which appears to put financial and economic considerations above the health and safety of the public.
One local resident comments:
This scenario is so like that in the movie Jaws. Remember the mayor and business people did not want to close the beaches because of the shark attack because it would hurt the tourist trade on the 4th of July. The medical examiner, under political pressure changes the autopsy from shark attack to boating accident. Hooper (the guy from the research institute) wants to close the beaches but the mayor prevails and the beaches stay open and the shark gets another victim. It is the same on Pensacola Beach, the federal people recommend closing the beach unti the water is tested but the mayor (Buck Lee) says it is safe to keep the beach open and the health dept (Dr Lanza) agree. Even though tests have not been run and over 400 people have reported to area hospitals with problems after swimming in the Gulf it is determined by Buck Lees visual observation that it is safe to swim. In addition they decide not to close the beach ever and instead will post signs saying swim at your own risk.
Another resident comments that beach is oil stained as far as you can see.
I just returned from a trip to the beach, walked the pier and it is clear up towards the beach but a sheen of oil on the top swimmers cannot see and some heavy stuff below the surface just about 100 yards from where swimmers and their kids were having a good time. Was out there an hour saw a total of 3 segulls, 1 turtle and a few minnows, nothing else. Two big skimmers, a couple small boats skimming and hundreds of workers, front end loaders, buses and a oil stained beach as far as you could see. Casino Beach parking lot mostly full of equipment. No it’s not safe to swim, any one with bit of sense at all can see that with the sheen over the water and the water bubbling in places that there is a problem. I hope everyone involved gets sued when these people get sick.
The issue is also being discussed on ATS where a member notes that warnings signs about the swimming in the water have been covered with black plastic.
By the local officials re-opening the beaches they are sending the message that swimming is ok. Signs were covered with black plastic that had before warned folks not to enter the water. Don’t underestimate the depths to which people will stoop to save themselves from losing money when their economy is built around tourism and the beach. Being honest with the public about the risks does not seem to be the driving motivation. Testing the water and air quality before lifting the ban was not done. As many have pointed out – the dangers are what you can’t see – not what you can always.
Regardless this is just a very sad situation. My family and I have always tried to return to the Destin area where we have family to enjoy our beach time every few years. That won’t be happening. I feel so sad for the people living there, depending on the Gulf for their livelihood, and seeing it all destroyed. The people are the last ones to blame in this. The leaders and BP and other agencies we pay taxes to who are supposed to monitor these risks responsibly are the ones to blame. Just my opinion. It’s sad no matter how you look at this disaster.
Another comment I read suggested that cancer rates in areas where past spilles occurred should be researched. There was even a general comment that said nearly everyone who had worked clean-up on the Exxon spill was ill or had died. That kind of suggestion is worth some looks. I wonder what kind of chemicals were used to break up and “hide” that oil?
Again, thanks to the OP for the local new information and comments from residents. I’m sure there will be more waves of information coming in the future.
Another commenter recommends that anyone considering swimming in the Gulf first watch a YouTube video of an interview with Dr.Riki Ott discussing out the break out of oil and dispersant related illnesses across four Gulf states because of the BP Gulf Oil Spill.
Another commenter points out that the Pensacola water has been contaminated by the spill since two weeks after the spill has has been experiencing thousands of dead crabs and periwinkles over that time period even though the water has been clear.
Pensacola Beach has had contaminated water since tar balls started washing ashore. The water is unsafe. Smoke from burning oil in the Gulf has been quite bad at times, starting two weeks after the spill. Baby ghost crabs and periwinkles have been dying by the thousands for about four weeks. The water has been clear the entire time, which doesn’t mean it’s safe to swim in. We are shocked the swimming ban has been lifted. Please, Health Dept., Do Your Job! Nobody appreciates being misled. Those 400 people who have gone to the ER after being at the beach, should submit their hospital bills to whoever told them it was fine to go in the water. The people that live at the beach are not the ones going in the water, because we have seen and smelled this horror unfolding in our back yard and it is poisoning everyone that goes to the beach. Please put someone in charge out there that cares about the people; it’s too late for the sea life
((
Another comment points out that the local official making the decision is a used care salesman with no formal post high school education that shouldn’t be allowed to make such a decision based on visual inspection against the recommendation the EPA doctor.
Someone please tell me how a used car salesmen with no formal education beyond high school can visually “inspect” the water and declare it safe? What is Dr. Lanza thinking when he takes advise from Billy Lee with absolutely no test data to back the decision. There have been over 400 people seeking medical treatment after beach visits, shouldn’t Dr. Lanza consider those as indicators that all may not be right at the Beach.
It is a huge risk to place the health and safety of our residents and visitors on the finely calibrated nose and eyes of Billy Lee against the advise of Charlie Fitzsimmons Deputy Branch Chief of the U. S. EPA for Florida? The EPA has taken actual samples and will have the results in on a couple of days. Please Mr.Lee present you scientific credentials.
Hopefully the SRIA will take swift action to countermand this foolish declaration by Lee and finely replace this embarrassment to Pensacola Beach.
Another commenter was shocked that adults where allowing their children to play in the water when you could see tarballs everywhere.
was there yeserday afternoon and I was very surprised how clean the beach and water looked compared to just days ago. So, i headed toward the water (i was wearing tennis shoes) to get a closer look (this was at casino beach). There are so many little tar balls everywhere it is unbelievable. They are in the sand and water. There were kids runnning around in the sand, playing in the water and adults also. I couldnt believe it! You can see a sheen on top of the water! Common sense should tell you – DONT get in! You can see the tar balls everywhere! They stick to you and dont come off so easily. The bottoms of my shoes were caked with oil and i just stayed in one place while looking around. I can barely get it off my shoes! The reason it is open for swimming is…..money, duh! People, use your common sense and stop expecting the government to think for you.
Another commenter complained about the taste of oil and a burning tongue after having a lunch near the oil filled Gulf.
Totally agree. I spent an hour on Friday at Soundside Park, which is normally a beautiful place to have lunch and relax. After an hour, I left with the taste of oil in my mouth and my throat and tongue burning. I am in complete and utter disbelief that Buck Lee of all people would say that based on a visual inspection the water, it was safe to swim in! I am sick and disgusted! Is a respirator the only answer? Air quality report? DEP? I think that an unbiased private party would be qualified but I don’t trust ANYTHING any branch of the government tells me















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[...] This post was mentioned on Twitter by jamiestarlynn, silvergoldhedge and Amy Potts, Alexander Higgins. Alexander Higgins said: Against Federal Advice Pensacola Beach Opens; Over 400 people sick http://bit.ly/bilWB1 [...]
Unbelievable how this is being able to unfold as a second disaster of greed and stupidity again !
just wanted to note that my own father was one of the immediate responders to the exxon valdez event, arriving by private company plane on day 5 after the spill.
just 3 years ago, he died of serious respiratory distress, unable to get out of his chair and tied to a breathing machine.
the onset was sudden and the decline rapid. he literally drowned in his recliner.
this is a warning to those taking such serious risks on our gulf coast. wear a breathing filter of some sort. exxon only settled with ONE person as a result of medical claims on valdez, and the rest were never recompensated for loss of life or well-being.
i thank you for this website, and visit daily for updates. truly terrifying event.
saintimothy-houston, tx
You Tube: AU 60 Minutes BP Oil Spill Video, 13 June 2010 Removed by BP Demand. Watch it here
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NcvzkrPL9C4 and part two here http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tC-tYZ7tbYM&feature=related
Starting to get reports of dead birds en masse, widespread…..I noticed they have been unusually quiet for the past few weeks…
The following was spotted on the Yahoo Wall street investors board today..
” This is terrible news for sure. And it’s already started. It was on our local news 3 station showing the crops and birds dying.
See my other post for the link or just google toxic rain killing crops. I’ve never seen dead birds just hanging out of their bird houses like this before. No signs of oil on them..just DEAD! ”
—Portsmouth, VA
” We are having an unprecedented incidence of recently dead birds here. Fisherman say they have never seen this before. The numbers must be large because they sink pretty quickly so you only see the most recent still floating. We are 1200 miles s.e. of Miami. ”
—Antigua
———————————————–
Teach yourself how to make a water filter, it’s easy. Charcoal, sand and a clay flowerpot. Proven in many 3rd world countries, many scientific missionaries teach people how to do this. Google it. Now is the time for you to start learning how to live with less. Get some books on identifying wild edibles. Learn how to build a mud brick stove. Educate yourselves…nobody is going to do it for you.
There may be some drastic changes in the world very soon. All events in time follow an apex.
All physical systems follow the same laws.
What goes up..must come down.
Gl all, Alex, great work as usual. I live in the mountains of NC, you all are more than welcome to contact me if you need to get away from the coastlines, or have any questions I could help answer. My email is at the top of my blog page.
—Isaac
http://mentaljudo.blogspot.com/
[...] Against Federal Advice, Pensacola Opens Beaches, Over 400 get Sick… Check out these pictures…..http://blog.alexanderhiggins.com/201…0-people-sick/ [...]
[...] Against Federal Advice Pensacola Beach Opens; Over 400 people sick | Alexander Higgins Blog Oil spill: Is Gulf safe for swimming? | pnj.com | Pensacola News Journal Corexit and Oil Eating Through Boat Hulls and Kidneys Says G4 | Alexander Higgins Blog Kid with oil stuck on her! Destin Beach, Fl. June 23rd, 2010 YouTube – Kid with oil stuck on her! Destin Beach, Fl. June 23rd, 2010 WKRG News Thick Pools of Oil Wash Up Along Pensacola Beach 6 23 2010 avi YouTube – WKRG News Thick Pools of Oil Wash Up Along Pensacola Beach 6 23 2010 avi Large Oil Slick Threatens Grand Isle – Video – FoxNews.com [...]
[...] to see people thinking for themselves again and not believing everything they are told http://blog.alexanderhiggins.com/201…0-people-sick/ __________________ "why are you wearing that stupid human [...]
[...] Photo from [...]
Here’s a picture, of what the travel industry, wants everyone to know what pensickola beach,
“looks like”! Apparently, every other beach, looks the SAME!!
http://www.webcams.travel/webcam/1277707961-Weather-Pensacola-Beach-The-Island-Empress-Pensacola-Beach
(Thank God, for Youtube!)
As a Youtube News reporting Partner I traveled to Pensacola Beach Just Yesterday "Videos On My Channel" and Filmed Small Children Playing In The Oil and Also In The Water Under Red Flags as Parents and also beach Patrol assured Me On Camera That Conditions On The Beach Were Just Fine and Under Control.
Feel Free To Simply Check Out The Link and See For Yourself.
we also interviewed a Former Bp Cleanup Worker Who Had Plenty To Say That Video Is Also On My Channel.
Seeing Is Believing and if a Picture is worth a Thousand words The Videos That we Captured are Priceless!
Gulf of Mexico Presents Unprecedented Toxicity Problems. Here is interesting article from globalresearch.ca
http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=19962
[...] The Very day We Filmed This 400 People Became Sick. http://blog.alexander… HistoryTours | June 29, 2010 | [...]
Wait…who is lying?
He is saying they are covering up the real dangers form the public… that's who is lying.
Also..from the above story.
” So far, 400 people have sought medical care for upper or lower respiratory problems, headaches, nausea, and eye irritation after trips to Escambia County beaches, Lanza said.
By 10 a.m. on Friday, the double red flags prohibiting beachgoers from the water were replaced with yellow flags.“We’re flying the yellow flags. And that means you need to be careful where you step,” Lee said. “Just be careful and have a good time.”
REALLY…SERIOUSLY..!!!!!!?
….Hydrogen sulfide., ….since it is being obviously produced in some quantity by microbes..and also when seawater reacts with natural sulfates in sub-floor rock formations…..Sour High-E oil…high in sulfur..
….The sulfur mustards, of which mustard gas (1,5-dichloro-3-thiapentane) is a member, are a class of related cytotoxic, vesicant chemical warfare agents with the ability to form large blisters on exposed skin. Pure sulfur mustards are colorless, viscous liquids at room temperature. However, when used in impure form, such as warfare agents, they are usually yellow-brown in color and have an odor resembling mustard plants, garlic or horseradish, hence the name. Mustard gas was originally assigned the name LOST, after Lommel and Steinkopf, who first proposed the military use of sulfur mustard to the German Imperial General Staff.
Mustard agents are regulated under the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). Three classes of chemicals are monitored under this Convention, with sulfur and nitrogen mustard grouped in Schedule 1, as substances with no use other than chemical warfare. Mustard agents can be deployed on the battlefield via spraying from aircraft, or more typically by means of air-dropped bombs or artillery shells.
…Sulfur mustard is the organic compound described with the formula (ClCH2CH2)2S. In the Depretz method, mustard gas is synthesized by treating sulfur dichloride with ethylene.:
SCl2 + 2 C2H4 → (ClCH2CH2)2S
….Sulfur dichloride is the chemical compound with the formula SCl2. This cherry-red liquid is the simplest sulfur chloride and one of the most common. It is used as a precursor to organosulfur compounds.
….Chlorination of sulfur SCl2 is produced by the chlorination of either elemental sulfur or disulfur dichloride.
….Sulfer is found in great quantities in HIGH-E sour crude, like what is in the G.o.M. area…
Sour crude oil is crude oil containing the impurity sulfur. It is common to find crude oil containing some impurities. When the total sulfur level in the oil is > 0.5 % the oil is called “sour”.
The impurities need to be removed before this lower quality crude can be refined into gasoline, thereby increasing the cost of processing. This results in a higher-priced gasoline than that made from sweet crude oil. Thus sour crude is usually processed into heavy oil such as diesel and fuel oil rather than gasoline to reduce processing cost.
The majority of the sulfur in crude oil occurs bonded to carbon atoms, with a small amount occurring as elemental sulfur in solution and as hydrogen sulfide gas. Sour oil can be toxic and corrosive, especially when the oil contains high levels of hydrogen sulfide. At low concentrations the oil has the smell of rotten eggs, but at high concentrations the inhalation of hydrogen sulfide is instantly fatal. At higher concentrations, the hydrogen sulfide can damage the olfactory nerve, rendering the gas effectively odorless and undetectable, while paralyzing the respiratory system. If exposure is not fatal, its effects on the human body are similar to that of Gulf War Syndrome including chronic fatigue, headaches, dizziness, skin problems, memory problems, birth defects, and a host of breathing problems such as asthma. Sour crude oil needs to be stabilized by having hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) removed from it before being transported by oil tankers for safety reasons.
Since sour crude is more common than sweet crude in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, Platts has come out in March 2009 with a new sour crude benchmark (crude oil) oil marker called “Americas Crude Marker (ACM)”. Dubai Crude (and Oman Crude) both sour crude oils have been used as a benchmark (crude oil) oil marker for Middle East crude oils for some time.
Chlorine (from Greek: χλωρóς (khlôros), ‘pale green’) is the chemical element with atomic number 17 and symbol Cl. It is a halogen, found in the periodic table in group 17 (formerly VII, VIIa, or VIIb). As the chloride ion, which is part of common salt and other compounds, it is abundant in nature and necessary to most forms of life, including humans. In its elemental form (Cl2 or “dichlorine”) under standard conditions, chlorine is a powerful oxidant and is used in bleaching and disinfectants, as well as an essential reagent in the chemical industry. As a common disinfectant, chlorine compounds are used in swimming pools to keep them clean and sanitary. In the upper atmosphere, chlorine-containing molecules such as chlorofluorocarbons have been implicated in the destruction of the ozone layer.
….Chlorine is a member of the salt-forming halogen series and is extracted from chlorides through oxidation often by electrolysis. With metals, it forms salts called chlorides. As the chloride ion, Cl−, it is also the most abundant dissolved ion in ocean water….
….Owing to their high reactivity, the halogens are found in the environment only in compounds or as ions. Halide ions and oxoanions such as iodate (IO3−) can be found in many minerals and in seawater.
Halogens are highly reactive, and as such can be harmful or lethal to biological organisms in sufficient quantities. This high reactivity is due to the atoms being highly electronegative due to their high effective nuclear charge. They can gain an electron by reacting with atoms of other elements.
…Look at the lightning strike charts in the post below this one…..the G.o.M. in particular.
The halogens react with each other to form interhalogen compounds. Diatomic interhalogen compounds such as BrF, ICl, and ClF bear resemblance to the pure halogens in some respects. The properties and behaviour of a diatomic interhalogen compound tend to be intermediate between those of its parent halogens. Some properties, however, are found in neither parent halogen. For example, Cl2 and I2 are soluble in CCl4, but ICl is not since it is a polar molecule due to the relatively large electronegativity difference between I and Cl.
Many synthetic organic compounds such as plastic polymers, and a few natural ones, contain halogen atoms; these are known as halogenated compounds or organic halides. Chlorine is by far the most abundant of the halogens, and the only one needed in relatively large amounts (as chloride ions) by humans.
In drug discovery, the incorporation of halogen atoms into a lead drug candidate results in analogues that are usually more lipophilic and less water soluble. Consequently, halogen atoms are used to improve penetration through lipid membranes and tissues. Consequently, there is a tendency for some halogenated drugs to accumulate in adipose tissue.
The chemical reactivity of halogen atoms depends on both their point of attachment to the lead and the nature of the halogen. Aromatic halogen groups are far less reactive than aliphatic halogen groups, which can exhibit considerable chemical reactivity. For aliphatic carbon-halogen bonds the C-F bond is the strongest and usually less chemically reactive than aliphatic C-H bonds. The other aliphatic-halogen bonds are weaker, their reactivity increasing down the periodic table. They are usually more chemically reactive than aliphatic C-H bonds. Consequently, the most common halogen substitutions are the less reactive aromatic fluorine and chlorine groups.
From Wikipedia…under the definition of sulfur mustard.
” Mustard gas has extremely powerful vesicant effects on its victims. Additionally, it is strongly mutagenic and carcinogenic, due to its alkylating properties. It is also lipophilic. Because people exposed to mustard gas rarely suffer immediate symptoms, and mustard-contaminated areas may appear completely normal, victims can unknowingly receive high dosages ”
” Mustard gas vapour easily penetrates clothing fabrics such as wool or cotton, so it is not only the exposed skin of victims which gets burned. If the victim’s eyes were exposed then they become sore, starting with conjunctivitis, after which the eyelids swell, resulting in temporary blindness. ”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfur_mustard#Physiological_effects
Again…from the above article you wrote, Alex.
” So far, 400 people have sought medical care for upper or lower respiratory problems, headaches, nausea, and eye irritation after trips to Escambia County beaches, Lanza said.”
They are lying…..
Thank-you
Susan….they cannot evacuate the whole coastline…they could not do it for 1 city….they would cause mass panic if they told the truth..here is more of what is contained in my blog….I go through each and every process involved. …they are ALL lying…through their teeth..
Ethylene is produced in the petrochemical industry by steam cracking……… Steam cracking is based on the natural cracking process that happens in reservoirs…….In this process, gaseous or light liquid hydrocarbons are heated to 750–950 °C, inducing numerous free radical reactions followed by immediate quench to stop these reactions. This process converts large hydrocarbons into smaller ones and introduces unsaturation. Ethylene is separated from the resulting complex mixture by repeated compression and distillation. In a related process used in oil refineries, high molecular weight hydrocarbons are cracked over zeolite catalysts. Heavier feedstocks, such as naphtha and gas oils require at least two “quench towers” downstream of the cracking furnaces to recirculate pyrolysis-derived gasoline and process water.
……. Next, I’ll quote this paper, published last year.
Natural gas at thermodynamic equilibrium Implications for the origin of natural gas.
Frank D Mango1 email, Daniel Jarvie2 email and Eleanor Herriman1 email
1 Petroleum Habitats, 806 Soboda Ct., Houston, Texas 77079, USA
2 Worldwide Geochemistry, 218 Higgins Street, Humble, Texas 77338, USA
Received:
24 February 2009
Accepted:
16 June 2009
Published:
16 June 2009
The hydrocarbons in natural gas are believed to come from two sources, one biological (‘biogenic gas’), and the other from thermal cracking, ‘primary thermal gas’ from kerogen cracking and ‘secondary thermal gas’ from oil cracking . Although there is general agreement on the source of biogenic gas, disagreement persists over the origin of thermal gas. One point of controversy is that thermal cracking does not produce a gas resembling natural gas. Oil and kerogen pyrolysis typically give between 10 and 60% wt methane (C1–C4) while natural gas contains between 60 and 95+% methane None of the explanations that have been offered to explain this are satisfactory. Catalysis by reduced transition metals can, in theory, explain high-methane in natural gas , and this hypothesis is supported by experimental results. Crude oils and n-alkanes decomposed over reduced nickel and cobalt oxides produce gas resembling natural gas in molecular and isotopic compositions . There is, however, no evidence of metal activity in sedimentary rocks and therefore no compelling reason to question thermal cracking theory. Moreover, recent hydrous pyrolysis experiments with metal-rich Permian Kupferschiefer shale showed little evidence of catalytic activity, seemingly dismissing the possibility of a catalytic path to natural gas .
Gas metathesis without the aid of a catalytic agent is highly unlikely. Hydrocarbon cracking generates methane, ethane, and propane removed from thermodynamic equilibrium and their extraordinary thermal stabilities preclude equilibrium over geologic time. Thus natural gas at metathetic equilibrium (3) would implicate catalytic assistance.
This changed with the recent disclosure of natural catalytic activity in marine shales at temperatures 300° below thermal cracking temperatures . Shales generated gas under anoxic gas flow at 50°C, nearly five times more gas than the same shale would generate at 350°C through thermal cracking. Although there was only indirect evidence for transition metals as the active catalysts, it nevertheless established natural catalytic activity in source rocks believed to be major sources of natural gas. There are, therefore, two possible paths to natural gas, a thermogenic path operating almost exclusively at high temperatures, and a catalytic path operating at much lower temperatures. The latter redefines the time-temperature dimensions of gas habitats opening the possibility of gas generation at subsurface temperatures previously thought impossible.
http://www.geochemicaltransactions.com/content/10/1/6
…….ethane is also a product of UV photolysis of methane……..
Ultraviolet (UV), X-Ray and shorter wavelengths of solar radiation are ionizing, since photons at these frequencies contain sufficient energy to dislodge an electron from a neutral gas atom or molecule upon absorption. In this process the light electron obtains a high velocity so that the temperature of the created electronic gas is much higher (of the order of thousand K) than the one of ions and neutrals. The reverse process to Ionization is recombination, in which a free electron is “captured” by a positive ion, occurs spontaneously. This causes the emission of a photon carrying away the energy produced upon recombination. As gas density increases at lower altitudes, the recombination process prevails, since the gas molecules and ions are closer together. The balance between these two processes determines the quantity of ionization present.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionosphere
Just one recent storm….we’ve been getting blasted by many different types for a few years now, too. Heat-waves….my *ss.
Space Weather Message Code: ALTEF3
Serial Number: 1677
Issue Time: 2010 Jun 02 0512 UTC
CONTINUED ALERT: Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Continuation of Serial Number: 1676
Begin Time: 2010 May 30 1015 UTC
Yesterday Maximum 2MeV Flux: 20865 pfu
……….. Next, how natural chlorine is formed in seawater…
The truth is stranger than fiction….that is why most do not know the truth…..they do not believe it.
The rest is on my blog. Again, Alex, thanks for letting me post.
——
My Statcounter account has been deleted. I made the mistake of posting the screen-caps I took, of oil company and US military/Gov computer IP addresses in my IP logs.
I started running netstat commands, just to see who was connected to computer, since my the server is on my PC…I can see who’s connected at any given time.
I started doing this 8 weeks ago, and doing packet route traces to see who they were connected to. I found out,…each other. I used a common IT tool, normally used to determine network congestion, or, the speed of the information between computers.
Anyway….I posted some caps of their IP addresses and names this morning at the bottom of my post on hydrogen sulfide…….along with this message..@ 10:35 AM-EST
” Anyways, I’ll just say this…..when I randomly run a netstat, and find certain oil company or military/US Gov. computers connected to my computer…….and I find a telnet executable, that I cannot gain control over……stored in my temporary internet files….with remote log-on permissions granted for up to 10 people….” Microsoft Outlook Exploit “. I know what you are doing……. I have since it was installed….I am curious tho’,… how you forced it over wireless..
…..
Then, I tried to log in …It was gone….around 5 hours later…I also posted screen-caps of that.
( EDIT ) Holy cow….that was fast………..3:38 PM EST
[...] Against Federal Advice Pensacola Beach Opens; Over 400 people sick [...]
[...] the rest of this great post here Comments (0) Posted in Gulf Coast [...]
[...] only see the most recent still floating. We are 1200 miles s.e. of Miami. ” —Antigua http://blog.alexanderhiggins.com/2010/06/28/federal-advice-pensacola-beach-opens-400-people-sick/com… There are many more reports , all the same, I will place them at the bottom of this [...]
[...] Reply » | Report Abuse | Judge it! | #680 3 hrs ago Against Federal Advice Pensacola Beach Opens; Over 400 people sickhttp://blog.alexanderhiggins.com/2010/06/28/f… [...]
[...] Quatro de Julio beach party !!! Against Federal Advice Pensacola Beach Opens; Over 400 people sick | Alexander Higgins Blog [...]
Bless you for posting this. I am a librarian, not a scientist, BUT I realized early on that I need to start making plans to get out of Florida as quickly as possible. I live in West Central FL.
I have been very ill with respiratory problems for over a month. I am an asthmatic. I've been under a doctor's care and medicated. My doctor DID NOT DENY my suspicion that my illness is environmental from this oil spill. He reacted in anger, frustration and disgust.
A friend in NY emailed me your article. The people of the Gulf states are in deep, deep trouble. Keep telling the truth.
Correction from the Local Health Department: The news report of 400 individuals becoming sick from swimming in the Gulf in Pensacola is incorrect. The 400 individuals were from across the nation for the period of April 1 – June 22 to the National Poison Data System. Pensacola (Escambia County) has received 27 reports for the period of May 10-July 7. Thank you. Molly Payne-Hardin, Public Information Officer, Escambia County Health Department (Pensacola, FL)
Are those individuals who went swimming that stupid? They sre just as irresponsible as the health officials.If they have health insurance, then it ought to be canceled. They apparently lost the ability to make good judgement, especially abouth taking their children out to swim.
[...] Against Federal Advice Pensacola Beach Opens; Over 400 people sick [...]
Thank you for this informative post.
[...] Steve Stunning on 07/11/2010 | In category Disturbing, Conspiracy | Permalink 400 people get sick after swimming in the oil-contaminated waters of Florida's Pensacola Beach. The once snow white [...]
[...] Oil Tracking Shows Spill Traveling Up Entire East Coast Of Florida Against Federal Advice Pensacola Beach Opens; Over 400 people sick BP and Government Misleading Public About Safety Of Florida Beaches NOAA Finds Several Leaks In [...]
[...] Against Federal Advice Pensacola Beach Opens; Over 400 people sick | Alexander Higgins Blog. [...]
An impressive share, I just given this onto a colleague who was doing a little analysis on this. And he in fact bought me breakfast because I found it for him.. smile. So let me reword that: Thnx for the treat! But yeah Thnkx for spending the time to discuss this, I feel strongly about it and love reading more on this topic. If possible, as you become expertise, would you mind updating your blog with more details? It is highly helpful for me. Big thumb up for this blog post!
I’d venture that this artilce has saved me more time than any other.